Wildlife Report
Red Deer Introduction
Rona Plant List
RONA VISIT, APRIL 2002
A REPORT ON WILDLIFE,
COMPILED BY ROGER COTTIS
WILDLIFE AND CONSERVATION
Inshore, both grey and common seals, in moderate numbers, frequent the coastline and islands associated with South Rona. The islands in the north provide good hauling out sites. Further out in the Sound of Raasay and the Inner Sound, Common porpoise can be seen at any time of the year, especially on calm days when several may be seen gently surfacing, showing small dark dorsal fins, pods of one to eight would be typical. Minke whales are seen during late summer, and on calm days long brown backs with a relatively small dorsal fin can be seen breaking the surface. Orcas or killer whales frequent the waters, with sightings in winter and spring, but more spasmodically throughout the remainder of the year. Seen usually in pods of up to ten, and identified by large erect dorsal fins with variable areas of white on their black body. Northern bottlenosed whales migrate south during late summer and have been seen close to the west coast of Rona. Several species of dolphin have been reported, including, striped, common, bottlenosed and white beaked. Basking sharks are becoming more common. The boatman will be able to assist with sightings and identification.
Mammals
Otters frequent much of the shoreline and hinterland and have been recorded at many points around the island. There is a territory centred on the area of Dry Harbour, vigilant observers will be rewarded. Two holt sites were found on the Island.
Fresh water is at a premium and the otters require a supply to maintain
their coats in a healthy condition. A good example is where otters
are using the two pools formed to provide water to the house at Big Harbour,
these are adjacent to the track heading north to Dry Harbour. The
water supply for the MOD base in the north, and burn draining to Loch
á Bhràige is extensively used by otters. A regular route extends
from the loch to the east coast around Rubha Chùil-tairbh. The drainage
of the glen running south from the bealach to the south of Loch Braig
provides a route for the otters to the bay due east from Dry Harbour.
Heading south from Big Harbour on the old track, evidence of otters was
found at several of the small burns piped under the track. As with all
of the sites, spraint (faeces) is deposited on a regular basis to establish
territorial boundaries and demarcate feeding areas. Where these are deposited
on grass, there is usually an enrichment of the grass, which enhances
the colour, amongst which, can be found the remains of prey items. Specific
locations should remain confidential. Otters are listed on Schedules
5 and 6 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and The EC Habitats Directive,
implemented through The Conservation (Natural Habitats &) Regulations
1994. Under these regulations it is also an offence to disturb an otter,
which might be the case if people were informed of specific holt sites.
A general overview would be acceptable. To
increase the potential for people to see otters, particularly at Dry Harbour,
a relatively easy method would be to create a small area of fresh water
close to the high tide line. A small burn enters the bay to the
north west of the property immediately to the north of Seascape.
If this were dammed to form a small pool, from five metres inland from
high water, otters would certainly find and use it. This area could
also form part of a corncrake habitat restoration area (see under corncrakes).
Mink have been recorded on Rona, with one having been caught at the MOD
base and another reported in the same area. They can be a serious
predator to ground nesting birds, but should not become too numerous,
as they are fiercely territorial. Their signs can be difficult
to differentiate from otters; however, the scent of their scats is acrid
and foul compared to the sweeter musky fish smell of otter spraint.
Evidence of Wood mice, in the form of chewed hazelnuts were found in the woodland to the east of Dry harbour. A discarded bottle, also within the same woodland contained many burying beetles, together with an unidentifiable small mammal skin, probably a shrew, based on the small aperture of the bottle opening. The beetles have been retained for identification.
Dung, consistent with rabbits was found at regular intervals on the path south from Big Harbour, however, no evidence of normal rabbit feeding, usually small scrapes in grass, or any burrows were found. It is possible that mountain hares may have been introduced at the same time as those, which still occur on neighbouring Raasay. The dung of the two species can be confused, although those of mountain hares are usually larger but not always.
With the mild spring, bats have been seen around the property at Big Harbour, unfortunately a bat detector was not available to determine the species.
Red deer seem to have arrived on the island naturally. Probably
from Raasay, by swimming the narrows at Caol Rona. Evidence in
the form of fraying stocks on downy birch, of which, several were at
least two years old and others within the last year, suggesting a stag
or stags, however these signs were not numerous.
Sheep and cattle
in low numbers remain and together with a very small population of deer
could be a considerable asset. Whilst regenerating trees are desirable,
a variety of properly controlled herbivores would create and maintain
more biodiversity and still allow regeneration, downy birch, holly,
aspen and juniper were seen to be successful. Many species of
plants would disappear if appropriate grazing were precluded.
Sheep maintain small areas of short grass and cattle and deer will keep
a thicket open and poach the ground to form a seedbed. Certainly
the cattle and deer would be an attraction to visitors. Hazel,
which is uncommon would benefit from layering to increase numbers, as
much of the available seed source is probably taken by wood mice and
great tits.
Birds
Sea birds dominate
many of the coastal cliffs and colonies of fulmar, shag, black guillemot
(tystie) and a few cormorants were seen. Common terns are known
to have bred on islands in the north. Herring and great black-backed
gulls were recorded across the island. Eider ducks were present
in Big harbour and probably breed on suitable islands and quiet shores.
Oystercatcher, mallard and shelduck were seen around Dry Harbour and
elsewhere.
A historical heronry remains in the mature trees to the west of Big Harbour and is active. There are reports of another heronry on the island, close to the base in the north. If it is located, details would be most welcome.
Evidence in the form of droppings suggested the presence of red grouse, mostly on the moor in the south of the island and two woodcock were seen flying during the day. A whooper swan feather was found on Loch Braig, suggesting a winter refuge. A great northern diver was seen off Acairseid Thioram.
It is known that, both golden eagles (an immature bird was seen over Dry Harbour), sea eagles, peregrine (a female was seen), buzzard (two were seen and one found dead in the wood near the heronry) and sparrow hawk (one female seen near Big harbour) hunt over Rona. Four ravens and several hooded crows were seen across the island.
Passerines seen, included robin, pied wagtail, dunnock, wren, great tit, coal tit, goldcrest, blackbird, songthrush, chaffinch wheatear (first migrant), stonechat, meadow pipit, rock pipit and skylark.
Corncrakes have bred on Rona in the past and some habitat restoration would be required to attract them. In particular an early flush of green vegetation, including iris beds would be desirable. Discreet areas in some of the bays could be stock fenced to promote appropriate habitats. RSPB on Skye would be available to assist with advice.
Other Species
Toad spawn was found at several locations, but no sign of frogs. Two species of land molluscs were found, Arion ater and deroceras reticulatum.
An over wintering tortoiseshell butterfly was seen at Big Harbour and a brief view of a possible pearl bordered fritillary was seen close to the woodland to the east of Dry Harbour. These relatively rare and endangered butterflies require open glades in woodland adjacent to the coast with a variety of plants, including violets.
Whilst widespread areas and differing habitats were visited, much of the island was not explored, due to a time constraint.
Roger
Cottis
Tawny Croft Wildlife Consultants
Tawny Croft
Isleornsay
Sleat
Isle of Skye
IV43 8QS
Tele: 01471 833 325
Fax: 01471 833 325
Email Cottiskye@aol.com
Many thanks to Roger Cottis for permission
to re-produce this report.
Bill Cowie, Island manager.
The Sound and Inner Sound Of Raasay 2005
This year has seen a fantastic increase in activity in the seas around Rona, the highlight was an evening trip with Eddie Stancliffe of 'Skyejet Adventure Boat Trips' Broadford, this month. On a visit to Church Cave and the North of Rona we were joined by over 100 dolphins who played with the RIB for the 30 minutes we were in the area. Although it was late and the weather was dull and overcast many photographs were taken of the spectacular sight of dolphins leaping out of the water, riding our waves, swimming below and around our craft. This large pod has been reported in the area for the last 6 weeks.
During May an increase in sand eels around Rona brought much increased
birdlife with huge numbers of Puffins and Gannets making most of the
feast, on seeing large rafts of sea birds feeding we kept an eye open
for whales and were not disappointed when on a trip to the North of Rona
on the East side a pod of 3 Minkie Whales made it a spectacular day by
feeding all around the Estate boat. First signs were the noise of the
whales, blowholes, then breaking the surface one after the other
revealed a 30ft and two 15ft whales. They fed for 15 minutes then headed
North. Since then many sightings have been reported, one large whale was
spotted in Kyle Rona and many are seen regularly between Rona and the
Shiants (as reported by the yachting visitors).
Although every summer there are whale sightings, this year by far there
have been more reports.
Another regular visitor is the Basking Shark, even coming into the bay
at Acarseid Mhor on occasion. These graceful sharks are easily spotted
feeding around Rona and have been seen inshore, very close to the rocks.
This year 4 separate sharks have been identified but reports are coming
in of a much larger population swimming in and around Skye
RE-INTRODUCTION OF DEER TO RONA
DEER ON RONA
On May 26th 2003
we took delivery of 8 yearling red deer, 6 hinds, 2 stags.
The deer and advice was supplied by John Fletcher of Reediehill Farm
in Achtermuchty, Fife. They were transported through the night to Portree
where they were sedated and transported with John to the prepared enclosure
at Big Harbour, Rona. The workmen helping at the new pier and pontoon
assisted us by lifting the sedated deer quickly to their new home. There
they were brought round.
The deer travelled well and after a few nervous hours settled down.
A feeding regime was started and within two weeks three of the deer
were feeding out of Bill Cowie's hand. After a month in the enclosure
the deer were let out but the feeding continued. The deer stayed around
Big Harbour and seldom left the field. A fortnight later the feeding
was stopped and within a couple of days the deer started to wander further
from the fields. In the last few weeks the deer have returned on occassion
to feed around Rona Lodge but are more and more often found further
from base. It now seems that deer will continue to stay around the Big
Harbour area and hopefully this year will see the start of a breeding
programme to bring the herd up to the optimum number of 19.
RONA DEER MANAGEMENT
PLAN
Rona extends to 900ha and is being managed to restore the native woodland
habitat. To achieve this objective, a stock of 500 sheep were mostly
removed in 1992 and moorland management/burning ceased. This has resulted
in significant recovery of existing birchwood habitat, new areas of
natural regenerated and increasingly rank ground vegetation.
In 1994 Highland cattle were introduced for diversification and to graze
the former enclosures and lazybeds. A stocking of 5 to 8 cows 5 calves
and 1 bull has been maintained with grazing activity focused at Dry
Harbour, Big Harbour and at the South end of the Island. There has been
minimal conflict with achieving the woodland regeneration objectives
which include.
1. Target native woodland stocking density of 1100 stems per ha (minimum
over areas identified in the WGS.
2. Maintenance of up to20% of open ground, particularly around former
settlements.
The importance of 'damage' to trees by domestic stock and wildlife is
assessed in the context of these objectives. In many areas regeneration
is well in excess of 1100 stems/ha and therefore the risk of unacceptable
levels is low ---there being always at least 1100 undamaged trees achieving
the target. Also, not every thing browsed qualifies as 'damage' and
even the removal of the growing tips will not prevent the anticipated
woodland habitat being achieved in the medium term (many of the new
trees now growing after being released from sheep browsing). Existing
woods above browsing level are fully stocked and grazing will not affect
the development of these stands. Areas identified as being managed as
open space will benefit from intensified grazing maintaining a low sward
and rich herbaceous field layer. Climatic change and die-back especially
from cold gales in May when leaf flush has taken place has caused a
more adverse effect than by grazing.
Red deer are part of the native woodland habitat in Scotland and it
has been considered desirable to re-introduce 6 breeding hinds onto
the land to create a wider biodiversity. The population will be managed
within the context of the woodland regeneration objectives according
to the following model:
The maximum target population is 18/19 deer, equivalent to 2/Km2. This
is approximately 50% of the normal population level appropriate to native
woodland situations where achieving new regeneration is the major objective.
The movement of the population will be managed particularly in the winter
and early spring months when the risk of damage to the trees is at its
greatest - there being a shortage of other palatable winter vegetation.
Winter feeding (and possible enclosures) at Big Harbour are planned
according to the following feeding regimes.
On arrival on Rona the deer will be held in a 50m x 100m enclosure and
fed daily by hand on feed nuts . Following 4 weeks regular feeding pattern
the deer will be released and it is anticipated that they will continue
to feed at the regular times set. Following a further two weeks the
initial feeding regime will be halted and in the following weeks the
deer's movements will be monitored.
A winter feeding programme will be started from mid to late December
until late April when the first flush of grass appears. The deer will
be fed on deer nuts, and mineral licks will be available. It is anticipated
that the deer will regularly come to the feeding station at 'Rona Lodge'
and this will enable Bill Cowie to monitor the condition of the deer
and it may prove that any marauding deer, which have joined the herd,
will be easier to control.
It is likely that the deer will focus activity on particular vegetation/habitat
types and this will be monitored by:
1. Baseline habitat survey in Yr 1.
2. Construction of enclosures in different habitat types to monitor
grazed and un-grazed field layer.
3. Fixed transects through existing regen' areas (eg; 100m lines) to
record damage levels and regeneration success.
4. Monitoring and recording of deer movement on a quarterly basis.
It is hoped that the deer will assist in the development of a diverse
woodland habitat by grazing of areas and spaces not covered by the Highland
Cattle (or occasional sheep). Trampling will also create niches for
new regeneration and break up an increasingly dense ground vegetation.
The nominated deer controller will be Bill Cowie, Island Manager, Island
of Rona, He will also carry out the monitoring of the population against
the habitat objectives.
A cull record will be maintained and reported annually to the Deer Commission
of Scotland. Monitoring results will be reported to the FC at the end
of the WGS period.
Figures and information based following consultation with John Fletcher M.R.C.V.S, Ph.D & Bruce Taylor BSc.Hons. MICFor.
2004
Red deer Update
20th October 2004
Following the successful release of our Red Deer Herd
into the Island a close watch has been kept on their progress. All
visitors to the cottages have been on the lookout and several have been
lucky enough to spot them. In July a report from the cottages confirmed
that the deer had successfully bred. This was confirmed in September
when in the first week the deer were seen at the North end and reports
of three calves with the hinds had been received. That week Bill went
out in the evening and found a young stag, hind and this year’s calf.
All seemed at a distance to be in good condition. The following week
another group was seen by Bill at the rear of the holiday cottages. This
comprised of the other introduced stag, two hinds and a very big calf,
which must have been born earlier than normal.
A report by Marc Calhoun a visitor from America on Red
Deer at the South end was not confirmed until the activity around the
rut when from the Lodge, Stags were seen fighting on the south skyline.
On further investigation, a party of deer were stalked and it was
confirmed that a marauding stag had come to Rona and was holding hinds
in the south west side at the bottom corner of Rona. Since then various
sightings have been made with the young resident stags coming and going
in
Whilst out in the boat one evening looking for otters
Yvonne Dawson, Bill’s cousin’s wife spotted a stag, two hinds and a
calf. The stag did not resemble the resident stag and was possibly
another marauder. The hinds were by the shore and the calf had not been
seen before. There have been several sightings by Bill and he intends to
survey the entire Island later this year and give an accurate count.
The deer are prone to wandering but several areas are
popular and deer can be spotted if these areas are approached quietly.
Several times this year people have woken in Rona Lodge to see Red Deer
in front of the lodge, 6 deer have also been seen at the Qinetic Base
earlier in the summer.
The deer look to be settled and although wary of man are quite inquisitive. They are often spotted on the Skyline around Big Harbour.
1.jpg)
The Rona red deer have been seen regularly on the island throughout the winter. The hind in the pictures below (Julie) has been feeding around Rona Lodge almost every week since January. Her calf has turned out a fine young stag and it looks like there's another one on the way.
Other deer have appeared in Big Harbour, but have only stayed for a short while.
Bill Cowie
Island Manager
Rona Lodge
Island of Rona
Portree
Isle of Skye. IV51 9RA
The following
is a list of plants to be found between 1994 and 2003 on the Island
of Rona. It has been compiled by
Mrs C W Murray and
Stephen J Bungard,
and appears on this website with their kind permission
Plants
recorded on Rona 1994-2003
|
Acer pseudoplatanus |
Sycamore |
|
Achillea millefolium |
Yarrow |
|
Achillea ptarmica |
Sneezewort |
|
Agrostis canina sens. lat. |
Velvet Bent |
|
Agrostis capillaris |
Common Bent |
|
Agrostis stolonifera |
Creeping Bent / Fiorin |
|
Aira praecox |
Early Hair-grass / Small Hair-grass |
|
Ajuga reptans |
Bugle |
|
Alnus glutinosa |
Alder |
|
Alopecurus geniculatus |
Marsh Foxtail |
|
Anagallis minima |
Chaffweed |
|
Angelica sylvestris |
Wild Angelica |
|
Antennaria dioica |
Mountain Everlasting |
|
Anthoxanthum odoratum |
Sweet Vernal Grass |
|
Aphanes arvensis |
Parsley-piert |
|
Aphanes australis |
Slender Parsley-piert |
|
Arctium nemorosum |
Wood Burdock |
|
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi |
Bearberry |
|
Armeria maritima |
Thrift / Sea Pink |
|
Arrhenatherum elatius var. bulbosum |
False Oat-Grass |
|
Asplenium adiantum-nigrum |
Black Spleenwort |
|
Asplenium marinum |
Sea Spleenwort |
|
Asplenium ruta-muraria |
Wall-rue |
|
Asplenium trichomanes |
Maidenhair Spleenwort |
|
Athyrium filix-femina |
Lady Fern |
|
Atriplex glabriuscula |
Babington's Orache |
|
Atriplex praecox |
Early Orache |
|
Atriplex prostrata |
Spear-leaved Orache / Halberd-leaved Orache |
|
Bellis perennis |
Daisy |
|
Betula pubescens |
Downy Birch |
|
Blechnum spicant |
Hard Fern |
|
Blysmus rufus |
Saltmarsh Flat Sedge |
|
Brachypodium sylvaticum |
False-brome / Wood False-brome |
|
Calamagrostis epigejos |
Wood Small-reed / Bush Grass |
|
Callitriche stagnalis |
Common Water-starwort |
|
Calluna vulgaris |
Heather / Ling / Common Heather |
|
Caltha palustris |
Marsh Marigold |
|
Capsella bursa-pastoris |
Shepherd's-purse |
|
Cardamine flexuosa |
Wavy Bitter-cress |
|
Cardamine pratensis |
Cuckooflower / Lady's Smock / Milk-maids |
|
Carex binervis |
Green-ribbed Sedge / Moor Sedge |
|
Carex dioica |
Dioecious Sedge / Separate-headed Sedge |
|
Carex echinata |
Star Sedge |
|
Carex extensa |
Long-bracted Sedge |
|
Carex flacca |
Glaucous Sedge |
|
Carex hostiana |
Tawny Sedge |
|
Carex laevigata |
Smooth-Stalked Sedge |
|
Carex lasiocarpa |
Slender Sedge |
|
Carex nigra |
Common Sedge |
|
Carex otrubae |
False Fox-sedge |
|
Carex ovalis |
Oval Sedge |
|
Carex pallescens |
Pale Sedge |
|
Carex panicea |
Carnation Sedge |
|
Carex pilulifera |
Pill Sedge |
|
Carex pulicaris |
Flea Sedge |
|
Carex rostrata |
Bottle Sedge |
|
Carex viridula subsp. brachyrrhyncha |
Long-stalked Yellow Sedge |
|
Carex viridula subsp. oedocarpa |
Common Yellow Sedge |
|
Carex viridula subsp. viridula |
Small-fruited Yellow Sedge |
|
Centaurea nigra |
Common Knapweed / Black Knapweed / Hardhead |
|
Cerastium diffusum |
Sea Mouse-ear |
|
Cerastium fontanum |
Common Mouse-ear |
|
Cerastium glomeratum |
Sticky Mouse-ear |
|
Chara virgata |
Delicate Stonewort |
|
Chrysosplenium oppositifolium |
Opposite-leaved Golden-saxifrage |
|
Cirsium arvense |
Creeping Thistle |
|
Cirsium palustre |
Marsh Thistle |
|
Cirsium vulgare |
Spear Thistle |
|
Cladium mariscus |
Great Fen-sedge / Sedge / Saw Sedge / Fen Sedge |
|
Cochlearia officinalis |
Common Scurvygrass |
|
Conopodium majus |
Pignut |
|
Corylus avellana |
Hazel |
|
Crepis capillaris |
Smooth Hawk's-beard |
|
Crepis paludosa |
Marsh Hawk's-beard |
|
Cynosurus cristatus |
Crested Dog's-tail |
|
Dactylorhiza fuchsii |
Common Spotted-orchid |
|
Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. incarnata |
Early Marsh Orchid |
|
Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. pulchella |
Early Marsh Orchid |
|
Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. ericetorum |
Heath Spotted Orchid |
|
Dactylorhiza purpurella |
Northern Marsh Orchid |
|
Danthonia decumbens |
Heath-grass |
|
Deschampsia cespitosa |
Tufted Hair-grass |
|
Deschampsia flexuosa |
Wavy Hair-grass |
|
Digitalis purpurea |
Foxglove |
|
Drosera anglica |
Great Sundew |
|
Drosera intermedia |
Oblong-leaved Sundew |
|
Drosera rotundifolia |
Round-leaved Sundew |
|
Dryopteris aemula |
Hay-scented Buckler-fern |
|
Dryopteris affinis |
Scaly Male Fern |
|
Dryopteris dilatata |
Broad Buckler-fern / Common Buckler-fern |
|
Dryopteris filix-mas |
Common Male Fern |
|
Eleocharis multicaulis |
Many-stalked Spike-rush / Many-stemmed Spike-rush |
|
Eleocharis palustris |
Common Spike-rush |
|
Eleocharis quinqueflora |
Few-flowered Spike-rush |
|
Eleogiton fluitans |
Floating Club-rush / Floating Mud-rush / Floating Spike-rush |
|
Empetrum nigrum subsp. nigrum |
Crowberry |
|
Epilobium brunnescens |
New Zealand Willow-herb |
|
Epilobium montanum |
Broad-leaved Willowherb |
|
Epilobium obscurum |
Short-fruited Willow-herb |
|
Epilobium palustre |
Marsh Willowherb |
|
Epilobium parviflorum |
Hoary Willowherb / Small-flowered Willow-herb |
|
Equisetum arvense |
Field Horsetail / Common Horsetail |
|
Equisetum fluviatile |
Water Horsetail |
|
Equisetum palustre |
Marsh Horsetail |
|
Equisetum sylvaticum |
Wood Horsetail |
|
Erica cinerea |
Bell Heather |
|
Erica tetralix |
Cross-leaved Heath |
|
Eriophorum angustifolium |
Common Cottongrass |
|
Eriophorum vaginatum |
Hare's-tail Cottongrass / Harestail |
|
Eupatorium cannabinum |
Hemp-agrimony |
|
Euphrasia heslop-harrisonii |
An Eyebright |
|
Euphrasia officinalis agg. |
Eyebright |
|
Fagus sylvatica |
Beech |
|
Festuca ovina agg. |
Sheep's Fescue |
|
Festuca rubra agg. |
Red Fescue |
|
Festuca vivipara |
Viviparous Fescue |
|
Filipendula ulmaria |
Meadowsweet |
|
Fragaria vesca |
Wild Strawberry |
|
Fraxinus excelsior |
Ash |
|
Galium aparine |
Cleavers / Goosegrass / Sticky Willie |
|
Galium palustre |
Common Marsh-bedstraw / Marsh Bedstraw |
|
Galium saxatile |
Heath Bedstraw |
|
Geranium dissectum |
Cut-leaved Crane's-bill |
|
Geum rivale |
Water Avens |
|
Glaux maritima |
Sea-milkwort |
|
Glyceria fluitans |
Floating Sweet-grass / Flote-grass |
|
Gymnadenia conopsea subsp. borealis |
Fragrant Orchid |
|
Hedera helix |
Ivy |
|
Helictotrichon pubescens |
Downy Oat-grass / Downy Oat |
|
Hieracium aggregate |
Hawkweed |
|
Holcus lanatus |
Yorkshire-fog |
|
Holcus mollis |
Creeping Soft-grass |
|
Huperzia selago |
Fir Clubmoss |
|
Hyacinthoides non-scripta |
Bluebell / Wild Hyacinth |
|
Hydrocotyle vulgaris |
Marsh Pennywort / White-rot |
|
Hymenophyllum wilsonii |
Wilson's Filmy Fern |
|
Hypericum pulchrum |
Slender St. John's-wort / Elegant St. John's Wort |
|
Hypericum tetrapterum |
Square-stalked St. John's-wort / Square St. John's Wort |
|
Hypochaeris radicata |
Cat's-ear / Common Cat’s-ear |
|
Ilex aquifolium |
Holly |
|
Iris pseudacorus |
Yellow Iris / Yellow Flag |
|
Isolepis setacea |
Bristle Club-rush |
|
Juncus acutiflorus |
Sharp-flowered Rush |
|
Juncus ambiguus |
Frog Rush |
|
Juncus articulatus |
Jointed Rush |
|
Juncus bufonius |
Toad Rush |
|
Juncus bulbosus |
Bulbous Rush |
|
Juncus conglomeratus var. conglomeratus |
Compact Rush |
|
Juncus conglomeratus var. subuliflorus |
Compact Rush |
|
Juncus effusus |
Soft Rush |
|
Juncus effusus var. spiralis |
Soft Rush |
|
Juncus foliosus |
Leafy Rush |
|
Juncus gerardii |
Saltmarsh Rush |
|
Juniperus communis subsp. nana |
Juniper |
|
Larix decidua |
Larch |
|
Larix x marschlinsii |
Hybrid Larch (L. decidua x kaempferi) |
|
Lathyrus pratensis |
Meadow Vetchling |
|
Leontodon autumnalis |
Autumnal Hawkbit |
|
Ligusticum scoticum |
Scots Lovage |
|
Linum catharticum |
Fairy Flax / Purging Flax |
|
Listera cordata |
Lesser Twayblade |
|
Lolium perenne |
Perennial Rye-grass / Common Rye-grass |
|
Lonicera periclymenum |
Honeysuckle |
|
Lotus corniculatus |
Common Bird's-foot-trefoil |
|
Luzula campestris |
Field Wood-rush |
|
Luzula multiflora subsp. congesta |
Heath Wood-rush |
|
Luzula multiflora subsp. multiflora |
Heath Wood-rush |
|
Luzula pilosa |
Hairy Wood-rush |
|
Luzula sylvatica |
Great Wood-rush |
|
Lychnis flos-cuculi |
Ragged Robin |
|
Lycopus europaeus |
Gipsywort |
|
Lysimachia nemorum |
Yellow Pimpernel |
|
Lythrum salicaria |
Purple-loosestrife |
|
Melampyrum pratense |
Common Cow-wheat |
|
Mentha aquatica |
Water Mint |
|
Menyanthes trifoliata |
Bogbean |
|
Molinia caerulea |
Purple Moor-grass |
|
Montia fontana |
Blinks |
|
Myosotis discolor |
Changing Forget-me-not |
|
Myosotis laxa |
Tufted Forget-me-not |
|
Myosotis scorpioides |
Water Forget-me-not / Common Water Forget-me-not |
|
Myosotis secunda |
Creeping Forget-me-not / Creeping Water Forget-me-not |
|
Myrica gale |
Bog Myrtle / Sweet Gale |
|
Myriophyllum alterniflorum |
Alternate Water-milfoil / Alternate-leaved Water-milfoil |
|
Nardus stricta |
Mat-grass |
|
Narthecium ossifragum |
Bog Asphodel |
|
Nymphaea alba subsp. alba |
White Water Lily |
|
Oenanthe crocata |
Hemlock Water-dropwort |
|
Ophioglossum azoricum |
Small Adder's-tongue |
|
Oreopteris limbosperma |
Lemon-scented Fern |
|
Oxalis acetosella |
Wood-sorrel |
|
Pedicularis palustris |
Marsh Lousewort / Red Rattle |
|
Pedicularis sylvatica subsp. sylvatica |
Lousewort |
|
Persicaria hydropiper |
Water-pepper |
|
Persicaria maculosa |
Redshank / Redleg / Persicaria |
|
Phegopteris connectilis |